[Capsid protein L1 HPV-16 in a modified cervical epithelium].

The 58 cervical biopsies were studied by cytological, histological, immunomorphological methods, electron microscopy and PCR. Expression of L1 was observed only in the differentiated cells of squamous and metaplastic cervical epithelium. At increase of grade of cervical epithelial lesion decrease expression L1 from 75% of cases of CIN1 up to 28.5% of cases of SCC. Not all capsid structures connect with DNA HPV in case of CIN3.

[Effect of different water-soluble forms of the fullerene C60 on the metabolic activity and ultra-structure of cells in culture].

In view of contradictory data on the toxicity of fullerenes for live organisms we studied the effect of water-soluble complexes of C60 with N-polyvivyl-pirrolidone (C60/PVP) and gamma-cyclodextrine (C60/gamma-CD) on MA-104 cells in culture. Both complexes proved to be non-toxic for cultured cells in the dark in wide range of concentrations. Both complexes provoke changes of cellular ultra-structure which reflect the enhancement of metabolic activity. At the same time only the exposition with the complex C60/PVP leads to the essential growth of number and size of mitochondria. However, the effect of two studied water-soluble forms of C60 under intensive UV-irradiation of cells proved to be opposite: C60/PVP had a cyto-protective action while C60/gamma-CD caused a significant growth of photo-toxicity. Possible reasons of the differences in the action of different forms of C60 on living organisms are discussed.

[Influenza virus reproduction in the endothelial cells of human blood vessels].

The current epidemic strains of the influenza subtypes Y5N1, H3N2, and H1N1 can be reproduced in the cultured human endothelial EAhy926 cells with an infective activity of 3.0-4.5 Ig TCD50. These findings were confirmed by the analysis of the autopsy material from patients who had died from influenza during the 2009-2010 epidemic, which showed influenza virus HA and NP proteins in the pulmonary blood vascular endothelium. The results obtained reflect a new aspect of the pathogenesis of influenza, which is important for the design of antiviral agents and for the development of combination therapy.

[Clinicomorphological aspects of adrenal pheochromocytoma diagnostics].

The removed pheochromocytomas of 25 patients aged from 25 to 72 years have been studied. Among them 5 tumors have had bilateral character, 8 pheochromocytomas have been diagnosed as malignant, 4 patients have had metastases. The average size of benign pheochromocytomas has been 4.0 cm, malignant - 4.5 cm. The majority of malignant tumors have had areas with diffusing growth patterns. The results of immunohistochemical study of benign and malignant pheochromocytomas have had small differences. The study of tumor ultrastructure hasn't found out their biological potential.

[Leucoplakia vesicae in females: diagnosis and treatment].

Sixty patients suffering from leucoplakia vesicae (LV) were examined using cystoscopy with biopsy of the urinary bladder wall, blood enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibodies to agents of sexually transmitted infections (STI), uroflowmetry, culture analysis of cervical canal and mucosa samples for STI. As shown by a pathomorphological examination of the vesical mucosa biopsy specimens, long-term persistence of pathogenic (chlamydia, trichomonades) and opportunistic (mycoplasma, ureaplasma, fungi) flora underlies development of LV. Morphogenesis of LV is characterized by hyperplastic reactions of urothelium and its metaplasy in laminated squamous keratosic epithelium, often with para- and dyskeratosis, developing in the presence of inflammatory reactions in the lamina in the presence of persisting infection. In LV, specific infection agents are often found in the urogenital tract. The spectrum of these agents is identical for samples from the cervical canal and vesical mucosa from leucoplakia foci. Vesical mucosa is most frequently contaminated with Mycoplasma hominis (57.2%), Candida albicans (51.4%), Ureaplasma urealiticum (37.1%) and Trichomonas vaginalis (22.9%). Associations of the infection agents are detected in 70% of LV patients. Persistent dysuria is a basic clinical symptom of leucoplakia. The following therapeutic measures should be taken: transurethral coagulation of the vesical mucosa, intravesical therapy, immunocorrection, antibacterial treatment by standard schemes or according to the isolated flora sensitivity.

[Evaluation of metabolic parameters in vitro as a model for testing the cytotoxicity of antiviral drugs].

A new test system based on in vitro assessment of the cellular viability and/or metabolism is proposed, which offers an informative approach to the screening of antiviral drugs. Cytotoxic effects of the antiviral drugs rimantadine and polyrem were studied on the cultures of some mammalian cells. The results of short-term (2 h) exposures with the drugs tested were close to their LD50 values in mammals, which makes the proposed test system promising for the assessment of drug toxicity in vivo for the whole organism. A study of the state of cell metabolism after a long-term (48 h) exposure showed that the system of endocytosis is more sensitive than other indices with respect to antiviral drugs. Is was demonstrated on the cell level that the binding of drugs into polymeric complexes can decrease the degree of its cytotoxicity: the toxicity of polyrem (a polymeric complex of rimantadine) was lower as compared to that of the equimolar concentration of rimantadine or a mixture of rimantadine with a polymeric carrier.

[Changes in morphofunctional condition of the cochlear vascular stripe in response to the ototoxic antibiotic]. / Izmeneniia morfofunktsional'nogo sostoianiia sosudistoi poloski ulitki pod vliianiem ototoksicheskogo antibiotika.

The experiments were made on guinea pigs injected i.m. kanamycin for 7 and 14 days in a dose 400 mg/kg. The cochleas of the guinea pigs were studied electron microscopically after 7- and 14-day courses of the antibiotic and 30 days after the end of aminoglycoside administration. To assess the vascular stripe (VS) function, the number of secretory vacuoles in apical cytoplasm of the marginal cells on the ultrathin sections was calculated. The animals which had got kanamycin for 7 days exhibited insignificant VS ultrastructural alterations, the number of vacuoles in the marginal cells (38.9 +/- 2.4) was higher than normal (33.9 +/- 1.5) but the difference was insignificant. After 14-day administration of the antibiotic VS of the animals had noticeable ultrastructural disorders of the interstitial and marginal cells and statistically significant (p < 0.01) suppression of secretory activity of the marginal cells (18.6 +/- 1.1). Natural reparative processes normalized ultrastructure of all types of VS cells 30 days after kanamycin discontinuation though secretion in the marginal cells remained significantly subnormal (the number of the vacuoles reduced to 23.4 +/- 1.7). Thus, aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin induces morphofunctional disorders in VS cells which do not return to normal after 30 days of follow-up.

[Ultrastructure of nasal and paranasal mucosa in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis]. / Ul'trastruktura slizistoi obolochki nosa i okolonosovykh pazukh u bol'nykh khronicheskim polipoznym rinosinusitom.

Electron microscopic study of operative samples of nasal and paranasal mucosa from patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis has discovered changes in the mucosa typical for inflammation and ultrastructural changes. Epithelial layer underwent destruction. Adequate function of the remaining ciliary cells is doubtful even in minimal changes of their ciliary apparatus. The absence of the specialized contacts between the epithelyocytes indicates dysfunction of the selective ionic permeability. There was overgrowth of the reticular fibers of the basal membrane. Plasma cells exhibited marked dilation of the cysterns of the rough endoplasmic reticulum probably because of active accumulation of immunoglobulins or their precursors.

[Response of spiral organ cells on laser radiation to the region of tympanic graft (experimental study]. / Reaktsiia kletok spiral'nogo organa na lazernoe vozdeistvie v oblasti timpanal'nogo loskuta (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

Spiral organ cells ultrastructure was studied electron microscopically after exposure to high-energy NIAG-Nd-laser radiation in contactless impulse regimen (1.06 microns, 20-40 W, 100 microseconds) in experimental tympanoplasty. The above laser radiation did not entail gross destruction in receptor and pillar cells in the peripheral compartment of the organ of hearing. Irrespective of the radiation power 3 days after the exposure some irradiated receptor cells showed insignificant changes: mitochondrial vacuolization, altered cuticular plate. 7 days after the exposure a positive response was registered in the majority of the receptor cells and in some pillar cells. This reflects activization of intracelluler biosynthetic processes.

[Ultrastructural changes in the neurosensory epithelium of the cochlea under the influence of electrostimulation]. / Izmenenie ul'trastruktury neirosensornogo épiteliia ulitki pod vliianiem élektrostimuliatsii.

Experimental study of electrostimulation effect on the spiral organ ultrastructure was conducted in otologically healthy guinea pigs and in those subjected to ototoxic effect of antibiotics. Increase in the number of mitochondria, ribosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns as well as multiple contacts between mitochondria and membranous structures of the cell were noted in Corti's organ sensory hair cells. Changes in receptor cell ultrastructure indicate the activation of biosynthetic and energetic processes caused by electrostimulation.

[Experimental research on the ultrastructural changes in the cells of the spiral organ]. / Eksperimental'nye issledovaniia ul'trastrukturnykh izmenenii kletok spiral'nogo organa.

Adverse effects of vibration and kanamycin on the spiral organ (SO), SO response to physiotherapeutic electrostimulation and ceruloplasmin were studied in guinea pigs. Vibration and kanamycin provoked the same reaction of the SO receptor cells which can be characterized as metabolic stress. In this case mitochondria suffer most of all. Electrostimulation and administration of protein-antioxidant ceruloplasmin gave rise to protective changes suggesting activation of biosynthetic and energetic processes in the receptor cells.

[The vestibular apparatus of quail embryos in an experiment on the Kosmos-1129 biosatellite]. / Issledovanie vestibuliarnogo apparata u émbrionov perepela v éksperimente na biosputnike "Kosmos-1129".

The light microscope was used to study serial sections of labyrinths of quail embryos incubated and reared during 12 d orbiting of Cosmos 1129. On recovery the embryos were aged 9, 11.5 and 12 days. No significant deviations in the development of the vestibular apparatus in flight species were noted as compared to the controls. Given this and our experimental data about in-space development of fish and amphibians we may deduce that hypo-g does not exert a noticeable altering effect on the vestibular embryogenesis. Nevertheless, it should be pointed out that in all otolith organs and semicircular channel ampules of the flight embryos cup-form neural endings innervating type I sensory cells were markedly swollen in contrast to the control. Earlier swollen cup-form nerve endings have been found in one adult rat after 7 days of space flight aboard Cosmos 1667. However, exposure in space does not bring about a substantial swelling of bud-like nerve endings which contact type II sensory cells. Thus, a conclusion may be drawn that spaceflight factors are liable to produce shifts in the type I sensory cell--cup-form nerve ending unit but they do not affect type II sensory cell--bud-like nerve ending unit to the extent when effects can be identified by light microscopy.